To learn more about research related to the ETS® Proficiency Profile assessment, refer to the following reports:
- Investigating College Learning Gain: Exploring a Propensity Score Weighting Approach
Liu, O. L., Liu, H., Roohr, K. C., & McCaffrey, D. F. (2016)
Journal of Educational Measurement, 53(3), 352–367Provides an evaluation of a propensity score weighting approach for matching freshmen and seniors prior to evaluating cross-sectional learning gains.
- Investigating Student Learning Gains in College: A Longitudinal Study
Roohr, K. C., Liu, H., & Liu, O. L. (2016)
Studies in Higher Education. doi: 10.1080/03075079.2016.1143925Provides evidence of longitudinal learning gains in college using the ETS Proficiency Profile.
- The Effects of Motivational Instruction on College Students' Performance on Low-Stakes Assessment
Liu, O. L., Rios, J. A., & Borden, V. (2015)
Educational Assessment, 20, 79–94Provides evidence to show that motivational instructions can increase students’ self-reported test-taking motivation.
- Identifying Low-Effort Examinees on Student Learning Outcomes Assessment: A Comparison of Two Approaches
Rios, J., Liu, O. L., & Bridgeman, B. (2014)
New Directions for Institutional Research, 161, 69–82Provides an evaluation of two different approaches for identifying low-effort examinees including response time effort and self-reported effort.
- Investigating 10-Year Trends of Learning Outcomes at Community Colleges
Liu, O. L. & Roohr, K. C. (2013)
ETS Research Report (RR-13-34)Provides trends in community college performance over a 10-year period and concurrent validity evidence.
- Investigating ESL Students' Performance on Outcomes Assessments in Higher Education
Larkin, J., Elliot, D., & Liu, O. L. (2012)
Educational and Psychological Measurement, 72(5),734–753Provides validity evidence for using ETS Proficiency Profile with students who speak English as a second language.
- Measuring Learning Outcomes in Higher Education: Motivation Matters
Liu, O. L., Bridgeman, B., Adler, R. M. (2012)
Educational Researcher, 41(9), 352–362Provides evidence that students' motivation to take higher education outcomes assessments has a significant impact on their test scores.
- Examining American Post-Secondary Education
Liu, O. L. (2011)
ETS Research Report Series (RR-11-22)Provides a comprehensive review of issues in higher education.
- Outcomes Assessment in Higher Education: Challenges and Future Research in the Context of Voluntary System of Accountability
Liu, O. L. (2011)
Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 30(3), 2–9Provides an overview of the field of learning outcomes research.
- Value-added Assessment in Higher Education: A Comparison of Two Methods
Liu, O. L. (2011)
Higher Education, 61(4), 445-461Establishes and provides support to the value-added method that ETS currently employs for the ETS Proficiency Profile.
- R&D Connections: Measuring Learning Outcomes in Higher Education
Liu, O. L. (2009)
Report No. RDC-10Provides insight into the issues surrounding accountability and measuring learning outcomes in higher education.
- Test Validity Study (TVS) Report
Klein, S., Liu, O. L., Sconing, J., Bolus, R., Bridgeman, B., Kugelmass, H., Nemeth, A., Robbins, S., & Steedle, J. (September 29, 2009)
Supported by the Fund for Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE)Compares construct validity of three existing tests: ETS Proficiency Profile, CLA and CAAP.
- Measuring Learning Outcomes in Higher Education Using the Measure of Academic Proficiency and Progress (MAPP)
Liu, O. L. (2008)
ETS Research Report Series (RR-08-47)Provides validity evidence for the ETS Proficiency Profile (formally MAPP) for value-added use.
- Validity of the Academic Profile
Marr, D. (1995)
Educational Testing ServiceProvides construct validity evidence for the Academic Profile assessment.
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