ETS® Proficiency Profile Research

To learn more about research related to the ETS® Proficiency Profile assessment, refer to the following reports:

• Investigating the impact of ELL status on higher education outcomes assessment

  Larkin, J., Elliot, D., & Liu, O. L. (2012)
  Educational and Psychological Measurement, 72(5),734–753

  Provides validity evidence for using ETS Proficiency Profile with students who are English Language Learners (ELL).

• Measuring Learning Outcomes in Higher Education: Motivation Matters

  Liu, O. L., Bridgeman, B., Adler, R. M. (2012)
  Educational Researcher, 41(9), 352–362

  Provides evidence that a student's motivation to take higher education outcomes assessments has a significant impact on their test scores.

• Examining American Post-Secondary Education

  Liu, O. L. (2011)
  ETS Research Report Series (RR-11-22)

  Provides a comprehensive review of issues in higher education.

• Outcomes assessment in higher education: Challenges and future research in the context of Voluntary System of Accountability

  Liu, O. L. (2011)
  Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 30(3), 2–9

  Provides an overview of the field of learning outcomes research.

• Value-added assessment in higher education: A comparison of two methods

  Liu, O. L. (2011)
  Higher Education, 61(4), 445-461

  Establishes and provides support to the value-added method that ETS currently employs for the ETS Proficiency Profile.

• R&D connections: Measuring learning outcomes in higher education

  Liu, O. L. (2009)
  Report No. RDC-10

  Provides insight into the issues surrounding accountability and measuring learning outcomes in higher education.

• Test Validity Study (TVS) Report

  Klein, S., Liu, O. L., Sconing, J., Bolus, R., Bridgeman, B., Kugelmass, H., Nemeth, A., Robbins, S., & Steedle, J. (September 29, 2009)
  Supported by the Fund for Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE)

  Compares construct validity of three existing tests: ETS Proficiency Profile, CLA and CAAP.

• Measuring learning outcomes in higher education using the Measure of Academic Proficiency and Progress (MAPP)

  Liu, O. L. (2008)
  ETS Research Report Series (RR-08-47)

  Provides validity evidence for the ETS Proficiency Profile (formally MAPP) for value-added use.

• Validity of the Academic Profile

  Marr, D. (1995)
  Educational Testing Service

  Provides construct validity evidence for the Academic Profile assessment.